noun · masculinesecond declension
burgus
burgus m (genitive burgī)
Meaning
- masculineA fort or castle, especially a smaller one; a watchtower.
- Late LatinmasculineA fortified town; a walled town.
- Medieval LatinmasculineA borough: a town specially incorporated and with special rights.
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | burgus | burgī |
| genitive | burgī | burgōrum |
| dative | burgō | burgīs |
| accusative | burgum | burgōs |
| ablative | burgō | burgīs |
| vocative | burge | burgī |
burgus, i, m. cf. πύργος; Germ. Burg, Berg; Engl. -burg, borough, -bury,
I. a castle, fort, fortress (post-class.):
castellum parvulum, quem burgum vocant, Veg. Mil. 4, 10: crebra per limites habitacula constituta burgos vulgo vocant, Isid. Orig. 9, 2, 99; 9, 4, 28; Cod. Just. 1, 27, 2, § 4; Cod. Th. 12, 19, 2; Sid. Carm. 22.Origins
First attested in the early second century CE, of uncertain provenance: It is no doubt a borrowing, but it could be from Proto-West Germanic *burg, Ancient Greek πύργος (púrgos), or rather a lost Balkan cognate: it is a word that travelled far, even to earliest Arabic as بُرْج (burj). The forest of Teutoburg appears mentioned as early as Tacitus (Annales, I, 60: “Teutoburgiensis saltus”), who describes the events that occurred more than half a century earlier (9 CE).
Descendants
- Catalanburgfrom Old Catalan burch
- Italianborgo
- Portugueseburgofrom Old Galician-Portuguese burgo
- Sardinianburgu
- Spanishburgo
- Old Occitanburg
- Old Occitanburc
- Galicianburgofrom Old Galician-Portuguese burgo
- Sicilianburgu
In English words that came into English from burgus
- burgburgus
- burgessburgensis
- burglarburglātor
- burgessyburgensis