Bacchus

I. son of Jupiter and a Theban woman, Semele, Tib. 3, 4, 45; Ov. F. 6, 485: bis genitus (since, as Semele died before his birth, he was carried about by Jupiter in his hip until the time of his maturity), Curt. 8, 10, 12, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 26; cf. id. M. 3, 310, and bimatris, id. ib. 4, 12; v. also Cic. Fl. 26, 60; Verg. G. 4, 521; the god of wine (as such also called Liber, the deliverer, Lyæus (λύειν), the care-dispeller; cf. Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P., or Trag. Rel. v. 149 Vahl.; cf Hor. Epod. 9, 38; as intoxicating and inspiring, he is god of poets, esp. of the highly inspired, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 23; 3, 15, 17; id. Tr. 5, 3, 33 sq.; Hor. C. 2, 19, 1; Juv. 7, 64; who wore crowns of ivy, which was consecrated to him, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 15: Bacchica verba (poëtae), id ib. 1, 7, 2.—He was worshipped esp. in Thrace and Macedonia, and particularly upon Mount Edon, Hor. C. 2, 7, 27; hence, the Bacchæ are called matres Edonides, Ov. M. 11, 69; id. Tr. 4, 1, 42; v. also Liber.—Bacchus, in the most ancient times, is represented as a god of nature by a Phallic Herma (v. such a statue in O. Müll. Denkm. 4); in the class. per. in the form of a beautiful youth (Tib. 1, 4, 37; Ov. F. 3, 773), with a crown of vine leaves or ivy upon his head, and sometimes with small horns upon his forehead (id. ib. 3, 481; 3, 767; 6, 483); hence, corymbifer, Ov. F. 1, 393; Tib. 2, 1, 3; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. cornua, p. 37 Müll.; his soft hair fell in long ringlets upon his shoulders (depexus crinibus, Ov. F. 3, 465; cf. id. M. 3, 421); with the exception of a fawn's skin (νεβρίς) thrown around him, he was usually represented naked, but with high and beautiful buskins, the Dionysian cothurni, upon his feet; in his hand he, as well as his attendants (a satyr, Silenus, and the Bacchæ), carried the thyrsus (id. F. 3, 764; cf. id. M. 4, 7 sq.); cf. O. Müll. Arch. § 383.—

B. Meton.

1. The cry or invocation to Bacchus, lo Bacche! audito Baccho, Verg. A. 4, 302.—

2. The vine: apertos Bacchus amat colles, Verg. G. 2, 113; Manil. 5, 238; Luc. 9, 433; Col. 10, 38; cf. fertilis, Hor. C. 2, 6, 19.—

3. Wine: Bacchi quom flos evanuit, Lucr. 3, 222: madeant generoso pocula Baccho, Tib. 3, 6, 5: et multo in primis hilarans convivia Baccho, Verg. E. 5, 69; so id. G. 1, 344; 4, 279; id. A. 5, 77; Hor. C. 3, 16, 34; Ov. M. 4, 765; 6, 488; 7, 246; 7, 450; 13, 639; cf.: Bacchi Massicus umor. Verg. G. 2, 143.—

II. Hence, derivv.

A. Bac-chĭcus, a, um, adj., = Βακχικος, of Bacchus, Bacchic: serta, Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 2; Mart. 7, 62: buxus, Stat. Th. 9, 479: Naxos, id. Achill. 2, 4: ritus, Macr. S. 1, 18: metrum, Diom. p. 513 P.—

B. Bacchĭus, a, um, adj., = Βάκχιος, of Bacchus: sacra, Ov. M. 3, 518.—

C. Bacchēus, a, um, adj., = Βάκχειος, Bacchic: ululatus, Ov. M. 11, 17: sacra, the feast of Bacchus, id. ib. 3, 691: cornua, Stat. Th. 9, 435.—

D. Bacchēĭ-us, a, um, the same: dona, i. e. wine, Verg. G. 2, 454 (prob. a spurious verse; v. Forbig. ad loc.).—

E. Bacchīus, a, um, adj., Bacchic: pes, a metrical foot, a Bacchius, ¯¯˘ (e. g. Rōmānŭs), Ter. Maur. p. 2414 P., although others reverse this order; v. Quint. 9, 4, 82; Ascon. Div. in Caecil. 7; Don. p. 1739 P.

I. a sea-fish, also called myxon, Plin. 9, 17, 28, § 61; 32, 7, 25, § 77; 32, 11, 53, § 145.