verbthird conjugation
terō
terō (present infinitive terere, perfect active trīvī, supine trītum)
Classical[ˈtɛ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈtɛː.ro]
Meaning
- to rub or triturate
- to wear away or wear out, consume
- to tread
- to press with a mill
Venit hiems: teritur Sicyonia baca trapetis, glande sues laeti redeunt, dant arbuta silvae; et varios ponit fetus autumnus et alte
Translation by James B. Greenough Winter is come: in olive-mills they bruise The Sicyonian berry; acorn-cheered The swine troop homeward; woods their arbutes yield; So, various fruit sheds Autumn, and high up On sunny rocks the mellowing vintage bakes.c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 2.519 - to pass, spend
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
premendō cōnsūmōterō -ere, trīvī — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 20
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Lævis · Glaber · Fricare · Terere
1. Lævis, levis, (λεῖος) means smooth, in opp. to rough and rugged, and gives a pleasant impression of elegance; whereas glaber (γλαφυρός) in opp. to rough, covered with hair, and grown up, and gives an unpleasant impression of deficiency. 2. Fricare means to rub, and thereby make smooth, like ψήχειν; whereas terere (τείρειν) means to rub, and thereby make less, like τρίβειν.
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | terō | terēbam | teram | trīvī | trīveram | trīverō |
| 2nd sg. | teris | terēbās | terēs | trīvistī | trīverās | trīveris |
| 3rd sg. | terit | terēbat | teret | trīvit | trīverat | trīverit |
| 1st pl. | terimus | terēbāmus | terēmus | trīvimus | trīverāmus | trīverimus |
| 2nd pl. | teritis | terēbātis | terētis | trīvistis | trīverātis | trīveritis |
| 3rd pl. | terunt | terēbant | terent | trīvērunt trīvēre | trīverant | trīverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | teram | tererem | trīverim | trīvissem |
| 2nd sg. | terās | tererēs | trīverīs | trīvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | terat | tereret | trīverit | trīvisset |
| 1st pl. | terāmus | tererēmus | trīverīmus | trīvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | terātis | tererētis | trīverītis | trīvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | terant | tererent | trīverint | trīvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | teror | terēbar | terar |
| 2nd sg. | tereris terere | terēbāris terēbāre | terēris terēre |
| 3rd sg. | teritur | terēbātur | terētur |
| 1st pl. | terimur | terēbāmur | terēmur |
| 2nd pl. | teriminī | terēbāminī | terēminī |
| 3rd pl. | teruntur | terēbantur | terentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | terar | tererer |
| 2nd sg. | terāris terāre | tererēris tererēre |
| 3rd sg. | terātur | tererētur |
| 1st pl. | terāmur | tererēmur |
| 2nd pl. | terāminī | tererēminī |
| 3rd pl. | terantur | tererentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | tere | terere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | terite | teriminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | teritō | teritor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | teritō | teritor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | teritōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | teruntō | teruntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | terere | terī |
| perfect infinitive | trīvisse | trītum esse |
| future infinitive | trītūrum esse | trītum īrī |
| present participle | terēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | trītus trīta, trītā, trītae, trītam, trītārum, trītās, trīte, trītī, trītīs, trītō, trītōrum, trītōs |
| future participle | trītūrus trītūra, trītūrā, trītūrae, trītūram, trītūrārum, trītūrās, trītūre, trītūrī, trītūrīs, trītūrō, trītūrōrum, trītūrōs, trītūrum | terendus terundus, terenda, terendā, terendae, terendam, terendārum, terendās, terende, terendīs, terendōrum, terendōs |
gerundterendī, terendō, terendumsupinetrītum, trītū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- via trita
- a well-trodden, much-frequented way.
- vestitus obsoletus, tritus
- cast-off clothing.
- tempus terere, conterere (in) aliqua re
- to waste time on something.
- aures elegantes, teretes, tritae (De Or. 9. 27)
- a fine, practised ear.
- proverbium vetustate or sermone tritum (vid. sect. II. 3, note tritus...)
- an old proverb which every one knows.
tĕro, trīvi, trītum, 3 (
I. perf. terii, acc. to Charis. p. 220 P.; perf. sync. tristi, Cat. 66, 30), v. a. root ter; Gr. τείρω, τρύω, τρίβω, to rub; cf. Lat. tribulare, triticum; akin to τέρην, tender, Lat. teres, to rub, rub to pieces; to bruise, grind, bray, triturate (syn.: frico, tundo, pinso).
I. Lit. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
A. In gen.: num me illuc ducis, ubi lapis lapidem terit? (i. e. into a mill), Plaut. As. 1, 1, 16:
lacrimulam oculos terendo vix vi exprimere, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 23: teritur lignum ligno ignemque concipit attritu, Plin. 16, 40, 77. § 208: sed nihil hederā praestantius quae teritur, lauro quae terat, id. ib.: aliquid in mortario, id. 34, 10, 22, § 104: aliquid in farinam, id. 34, 18, 50, § 170: bacam trapetis, Verg. G. 2, 519: unguibus herbas, Ov. M. 9, 655: dentes in stipite, id. ib. 8, 369: lumina manu, Cat. 66, 30: sucina trita redolent, Mart. 3, 64, 5: piper, Petr. 74: Appia trita rotis, Ov. P. 2, 7, 44: cibum in ventre, i. e. to digest, Cels. 1 praef. med. — Poet.: labellum calamo, i. e. to rub one's lip (in playing), Verg. E. 2, 34: calcemque terit jam calce Diores, treads upon, id. A. 5, 324: crystalla labris, Mart. 9, 23, 7.—B. In partic.
1. To rub grain from the ears by treading, to tread out, thresh:
frumentum, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 5: milia frumenti tua triverit area centum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 45: area dum messes teret, Tib. 1, 5, 22: teret area culmos, Verg. G. 1, 192; cf.: ut patria careo, bis frugibus area trita est, i. e. it has twice been harvest-time, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 19.—2. To cleanse or beautify by rubbing, to smooth, furbish, burnish, polish, sharpen (syn.:
polio, acuo): oculos, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 103: crura mordaci pumice, Ov. A. A. 1, 506: hinc radios trivere rotis, smoothed, turned, Verg. G. 2, 444: vitrum torno, Plin. 36, 26, 66, § 193: catillum manibus, Hor. S. 1, 3, 90: tritus cimice lectus, Mart. 11, 33, 1.—3. To lessen by rubbing, to rub away; to wear away by use, wear out:
(navem) ligneam, saepe tritam, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 52: hoc (tempus) rigidas silices, hoc adamanta terit, Ov. Tr. 4, 6. 14: ferrum, to dull, id. M. 12, 167: mucronem rubigine silicem liquore, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 15: trita labore colla, Ov. M. 15, 124: trita subucula, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 96: trita vestis, id. ib. 1, 19, 38: librum, i. e. to read often, Mart. 8, 3, 4; 11, 3, 4; cf.: quid haberet, Quod legeret tereretque viritim publicus usus? Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 92: pocula labris patrum trita, Mart. 11, 12, 3: ut illum di terant, qui primum olitor caepam protulit, crush, annihilate, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 681 P.—4. Of persons, pass., to be employed in. occupied with:
nos qui in foro verisque litibus terimur, Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 5: litibus, id. ib. 10, 12, 3.—5. To tread often, to visit, frequent a way or place (cf.:
calco, calcito): angustum formica terens iter, Verg. G. 1, 380: iter propositum, Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 14: Appiam mannis, Hor. Epod. 4, 14: viam, Ov. A. A. 1, 52; Lucr. 1, 927: via trita pede, Tib. 4, 13, 10: ambulator porticum terit, Mart. 2, 11, 2: limina, id. 10, 10, 2: mea nocturnis trita fenestra dolis, Prop. 4 (5), 7, 16. nec jam clarissimorum virorum receptacula habitatore servo teruntur, Plin. Pan. 50, 3: flavaeque terens querceta Maricae Liris, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olybr 259. —6. In mal. part.:
Bojus est, Bojam terit, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 108; so Prop. 3, 11 (4. 10), 30; Petr. 87. — II. Trop. (freq. in good prose).
A. To wear away, use up, i. e. to pass, spend time; usu. to waste, spend in dissipation, etc. (syn.:
absumo, consumo): teritur dies, Plaut. Truc. 5, 20: diem sermone terere segnities merast, id. Trin. 3, 3, 67: naves diem trivere, Liv. 37, 27, 8: tempus in convivio luxuque, id. 1, 57, 9: tempus ibi in secreto, id. 26, 19, 5: omnem aetatem in his discendis rebus, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 123: teretur interea tempus, id. Phil. 5, 11, 30: jam alteram aetatem bellis civilibus, Hor. Epod. 16, 1: omne aevum ferro, Verg. A. 9, 609: spe otia, id. ib. 4, 271: otium conviviis comissationibusque inter se, Liv. 1, 57, 5. — B. To expend, employ (late Lat.):
qui operam teri frustra, Amm. 27, 12, 12. — C. To exert greatly, exhaust:
ne in opere longinquo sese tererent, Liv 6, 8, 10: ut in armis terant plebem, id. 6, 27, 7.—D. Of language, to wear out by use, i. e. to render common, commonplace, or trite (in verb finit. very rare, but freq. as a P. a.):
jam hoc verbum satis hesterno sermone trivimus, Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 18: quae (nomina) nunc consuetudo diurna trivit, id. Fin. 3, 4, 15.—* E. To tread under foot, i. e. to injure, violate a thing:
jurata deorum majestas teritur, Claud. in Rufin. 1, 228. — Hence, P. a.: trītus, a, um. A. Prop. of a road or way, oft-trodden, beaten, frequented, common:
iter, Cic. Phil. 1, 3, 7: via, id. Brut. 81, 281: quadrijugi spatium, Ov. M. 2, 167. — Sup.: tritissima quaeque via, Sen. Vit. Beat. 1, 2. — B. Fig.
1. Practised, expert:
tritas aures habere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4; so id. Brut. 32, 124.—Comp.: tritiores manūs ad aedificandum perficere, Vitr. 2, 1, 6. — 2. Of language, used often or much, familiar, common, commonplace, trite:
quid in Graeco sermone tam tritum atque celebratum est, quam, etc., Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nomen minus tritum sermone nostro, id. Rep. 2, 29, 52: ex quo illud: summum jus summā injuriā factum est jam tritum sermone proverbium, id. Off. 1, 10, 33.—Comp.: faciamus tractando usitatius hoc verbum ac tritius, Cic. Ac. 1, 7, 27: compedes, quas induere aureas mos tritior vetat, Plin. 33, 12, 54, § 152.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
terō trīvī (trīstī for trīvistī, Ct.), trītus, ere
1 TER-, to rub, rub away, wear away, bruise, grind, bray triturate : lacrimulam oculos terendo exprimere, T.: unguibus herbas, O.: calamo labellum, i. e. to blow upon the flute , V.: calcem calce, tread upon , V.—Of grain, to rub off, tread out, thresh : Milia frumenti tua triverit area centum, H.: teret area culmos, V.: Ut patriā careo, bis frugibus area trita est, i. e. during two harvests , O.— To rub smooth, burnish, polish, sharpen : mordaci pumice crura, O.: radios rotis, smoothed, turned , V.: catillum manibus, H.— To lessen by rubbing, rub away, wear away by use, wear out : silices, O.: ferrum, to dull , O.: trita vestis, H.—Of a place, to wear, tread often, visit, frequent : iter, V.: Appiam mannis, H.: viam, O.—Fig., of time, to wear away, use up, pass, spend, waste, kill : in convivio tempus, L.: teretur interea tempus: teritur bellis civilibus aetas, H.: Omne aevum ferro, V.: otium conviviis comissationibusque inter se, L.— To exert greatly, exhaust, wear out : in opere longinquo sese, L.: in armis plebem, L.—Of words, to wear by use, render common, make trite : verbum sermone: quae (nomina) consuetudo diurna trivit.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by twisting, twist, turn”). See also Scots thraw (“to twist, turn, throw”), Dutch draaien (“to turn”), Low German draien, dreien (“to turn (in a lathe)”), German drehen (“to turn”), Danish dreje (“to turn”), Swedish dreja (“to turn”), Albanian dredh (“to turn, twist, tremble”), Russian тереть (teretʹ, “to rub”).
Descendants
- Englishtry