verbfirst conjugation
rōborō
rōborō (present infinitive rōborāre, perfect active rōborāvī, supine rōborātum)
Classical[ˈroː.bɔ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈrɔː.bo.ro]
Meaning
- to strengthen
- to invigorate, to restore
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōborō | rōborābam | rōborābō | rōborāvī | rōborāveram | rōborāverō rōborārō |
| 2nd sg. | rōborās | rōborābās | rōborābis | rōborāvistī rōborāstī | rōborāverās rōborārās | rōborāveris |
| 3rd sg. | rōborat | rōborābat | rōborābit | rōborāvit | rōborāverat rōborārat | rōborāverit rōborārit |
| 1st pl. | rōborāmus | rōborābāmus | rōborābimus | rōborāvimus | rōborāverāmus | rōborāverimus rōborārimus |
| 2nd pl. | rōborātis | rōborābātis | rōborābitis | rōborāvistis rōborāstis | rōborāverātis rōborārātis | rōborāveritis rōborāritis |
| 3rd pl. | rōborant | rōborābant | rōborābunt | rōborāvērunt rōborāvēre, rōborārunt | rōborāverant rōborārant | rōborāverint rōborārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōborem | rōborārem | rōborāverim rōborārim | rōborāvissem rōborāssem |
| 2nd sg. | rōborēs | rōborārēs | rōborāverīs | rōborāvissēs rōborāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | rōboret | rōborāret | rōborāverit rōborārit | rōborāvisset rōborāsset |
| 1st pl. | rōborēmus | rōborārēmus | rōborāverīmus rōborārīmus | rōborāvissēmus rōborāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | rōborētis | rōborārētis | rōborāverītis rōborārītis | rōborāvissētis rōborāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | rōborent | rōborārent | rōborāverint rōborārint | rōborāvissent rōborāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōboror | rōborābar | rōborābor |
| 2nd sg. | rōborāris rōborāre | rōborābāris rōborābāre | rōborāberis rōborābere |
| 3rd sg. | rōborātur | rōborābātur | rōborābitur |
| 1st pl. | rōborāmur | rōborābāmur | rōborābimur |
| 2nd pl. | rōborāminī | rōborābāminī | rōborābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | rōborantur | rōborābantur | rōborābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōborer | rōborārer |
| 2nd sg. | rōborēris rōborēre | rōborārēris rōborārēre |
| 3rd sg. | rōborētur | rōborārētur |
| 1st pl. | rōborēmur | rōborārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | rōborēminī | rōborārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | rōborentur | rōborārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | rōborā | rōborāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | rōborāte | rōborāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | rōborātō | rōborātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | rōborātō | rōborātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | rōborātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | rōborantō | rōborantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | rōborāre | rōborārī |
| perfect infinitive | rōborāvisse rōboāvisse, rōborāsse | rōborātum esse |
| future infinitive | rōborātūrum esse | rōborātum īrī |
| present participle | rōborāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | rōborātus rōborāta, rōborātā, rōborātae, rōborātam, rōborātārum, rōborātās, rōborātī, rōborātōrum, rōborātōs |
| future participle | rōborātūrus rōborātūra, rōborātūrā, rōborātūrae, rōborātūram, rōborātūrārum, rōborātūrās, rōborātūre, rōborātūrī, rōborātūrīs, rōborātūrō, rōborātūrōrum, rōborātūrōs, rōborātūrum | rōborandus rōboranda, rōborandā, rōborandae, rōborandam, rōborandārum, rōborandās, rōborande, rōborandīs, rōborandōrum, rōborandōs |
gerundrōborandī, rōborandō, rōborandumsupinerōborātum, rōborātū
rōbŏro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. id.,
I. to make strong; to strengthen, invigorate, confirm (rare but class.).
I. Lit.:
artus, Lucr. 4, 1038: equum largo cibo, Col. 6, 27, 8: nidos stramento, Plin. 10, 33, 49, § 92: vitem, id. 17, 22, 35, § 175: spicam, id. 18, 28, 67, § 260. — II. Trop.:
gravitatem perpetuā constantiā, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 112; cf.: haec omnia exercitatione plurimā, Quint. 8, prooem. § 28: recti cultus pectora roborant, Hor. C. 4, 4, 34: educata hujus nutrimentis eloquentia ipsa se postea colorat et roborat, becomes strong, Cic. Or. 13, 42: regnum, Vulg. 2 Par. 11, 17.—Hence, * rōbŏrātus, a, um, P. a., strengthened, strong, vigorous: roboratior exitus, Tert. Anim. 25; Hier. Cont. Pel. 3, 8.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rōborō āvī, —, āre
robur, to make strong, strengthen, invigorate, confirm .—Fig.: Recti cultūs pectora roborant, H.: eloquentia ipsa se roborat, acquires vigor .
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin rōborō From rōbur (“strength; kind of hard reddish oak”) + -ō.
Descendants
- Englishroborate
- Italianroborare
- Portugueseroborar
- Spanishroblar
- Asturianroblarfrom Old Leonese robrar
- Leoneserobrarefrom Old Leonese robrar