verbthird conjugation
plangō
plangō (present infinitive plangere, perfect active plānxī, supine plānctum)
Classical[ˈpɫaŋ.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈplaŋ.ɡo]
Meaning
- to strike, beat, flap (repeatedly or with a noise)
- alsomediopassiveto beat the breast etc. as a sign of grief, desperation, fury
- transitiveto bewail, lament for
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
maereō, pectus tundōplangō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 9
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | plangō | plangēbam | plangam | plānxī | plānxeram | plānxerō |
| 2nd sg. | plangis | plangēbās | plangēs | plānxistī | plānxerās | plānxeris |
| 3rd sg. | plangit | plangēbat | planget | plānxit | plānxerat | plānxerit |
| 1st pl. | plangimus | plangēbāmus | plangēmus | plānximus | plānxerāmus | plānxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | plangitis | plangēbātis | plangētis | plānxistis | plānxerātis | plānxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | plangunt | plangēbant | plangent | plānxērunt plānxēre | plānxerant | plānxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | plangam | plangerem | plānxerim | plānxissem |
| 2nd sg. | plangās | plangerēs | plānxerīs | plānxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | plangat | plangeret | plānxerit | plānxisset |
| 1st pl. | plangāmus | plangerēmus | plānxerīmus | plānxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | plangātis | plangerētis | plānxerītis | plānxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | plangant | plangerent | plānxerint | plānxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | plangor | plangēbar | plangar |
| 2nd sg. | plangeris plangere | plangēbāris plangēbāre | plangēris plangēre |
| 3rd sg. | plangitur | plangēbātur | plangētur |
| 1st pl. | plangimur | plangēbāmur | plangēmur |
| 2nd pl. | plangiminī | plangēbāminī | plangēminī |
| 3rd pl. | planguntur | plangēbantur | plangentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | plangar | plangerer |
| 2nd sg. | plangāris plangāre | plangerēris plangerēre |
| 3rd sg. | plangātur | plangerētur |
| 1st pl. | plangāmur | plangerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | plangāminī | plangerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | plangantur | plangerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | plange | plangere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | plangite | plangiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | plangitō | plangitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | plangitō | plangitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | plangitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | planguntō | planguntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | plangere | plangī |
| perfect infinitive | plānxisse | plānctum esse |
| future infinitive | plānctūrum esse | plānctum īrī |
| present participle | plangēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | plānctus plāncta, plānctā, plānctae, plānctam, plānctārum, plānctās, plāncte, plānctī, plānctīs, plānctō, plānctōrum, plānctōs |
| future participle | plānctūrus plānctūra, plānctūrā, plānctūrae, plānctūram, plānctūrārum, plānctūrās, plānctūre, plānctūrī, plānctūrīs, plānctūrō, plānctūrōrum, plānctūrōs, plānctūrum | plangendus plangundus, plangenda, plangendā, plangendae, plangendam, plangendārum, plangendās, plangende, plangendīs, plangendōrum, plangendōs |
gerundplangendī, plangendō, plangendumsupineplānctum, plānctū
plango, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. from the root ΠΛΑΓ, πλήσσω; cf. Lat. plāga,
I. to strike, beat, esp. with a noise.
I. In gen. (poet.; cf.
plaudo): fluctus plangentes saxa, Lucr. 2, 1155; 6, 115: moribundo vertice terram, Ov. M. 12, 118: humum, id. H. 16, 334: quanto planguntur litora fluctu! id. ib. 19, 121: tympana palmis, Cat. 64, 261: nunc (Boreas) ipsas alis planget stridentibus Alpes, Sil. 1, 588.—Pass., of a bird when caught: plangitur, beats with its wings, Ov. M. 11, 75.—II. In partic., to beat the breast, head, etc., as a sign of grief (class.):
qui multis inspectantibus caput feriebas, femina plangebas, Cic. aer. alien. Mil. Fragm. 2, 4 (t. 11, p. 32 B. and K.): laniataque pectora plangens, Ov. M. 6, 248: femur maerenti dextrā, id. ib. 11, 81: lacertos, id. ib. 9, 636: pectus, Petr. 111.—Pass. (= κόπτεσθαι): scissaeque capillos Planguntur matres Calydonides Eveninae, beat themselves for agony, Ov. M. 8, 526.—B. Transf., to lament aloud, wring the hands; with aliquem or aliquid, to bewail a person or thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
planxere sorores Naïdes ... Planxere et Dryades: plangentibus absonat Echo, Ov. M. 3, 505: ab omni plangitur arce, Stat. Th. 11, 417: plangentia agmina, Verg. A. 11, 145: plangentium gemitus, Just. 19, 2 fin.: modo Sporum hortabatur ut lamentari ac plangere inciperet, Suet. Ner. 49; id. Oth. 8: plangentis populi derisor, Juv. 6, 534.—With an object: tendit palmas, ceu sit planctura relictam Andromedam, Caes. Germ. Arat. 198; Val. Fl. 3, 297: Memphiten bovem (i. e. Apim), Tib. 1, 8, 27 (7, 28): damna, Stat. Th. 11, 117: malum, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 159; Vulg. Judic. 11, 37.—Pass.: virtutes quas neque lugeri neque plangi fas est, Tac. Agr. 46: majore tumultu Planguntur nummi quam funera, Juv. 13, 131.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
plangō ānxī, anctus, ere
PLAG-, to strike, beat : victima planget humum, O.: Nunc nemora plangunt (austri), V.: Laqueis . . . Crus ubi commisit volucris, Plangitur, beats with its wings , O.— To beat in lamentation : femina: laniataque pectora plangens (i. e. ita, ut lanientur), O.: Planguntur matres, beat themselves in agony , O.— To lament aloud, wail : planxere sorores Naides, O.: plangentia agmina, V.: plangentis populi derisor, Iu. — To bewail, lament for : virtutes quas neque plangi fas est, Ta.: maiore tumultu Planguntur nummi quam funera, Iu.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *plāngō, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k-, *pleh₂g- (“to strike”). Cognate with Latin plēctō (“to punish, to beat; to blame”), Ancient Greek πλήσσω (plḗssō), Old Church Slavonic плакати (plakati), Dutch vloeken.
Descendants
- Catalanplànyer
- Italianpiangere
- Occitanplànher
- Occitanplànger
- Occitanplanguer
- Frenchplaindrefrom Old French pleindre
- Portugueseplanger
- Portugueseplangente
- Spanishplañir
- Romanianplânge