LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbfirst conjugation

cumulō

cumulō (present infinitive cumulāre, perfect active cumulāvī, supine cumulātum)
Classical[ˈkʊ.mʊ.ɫoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈkuː.mu.lo]

Meaning

  1. to heap, pile up, amass, accumulate
  2. to fill by heaping, overload
  3. to increase, augment
  4. figurativelyto make complete, accomplish

In the readers how our graded readers gloss it

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Acervus · Congeries · Strues · Cumulus

1. Acervus and congeries mean ‘heaps’ of homogeneous things collected and piled up in layers; acervus [from ἀγείρω], like σωρός, with arrangement, and mostly in a conical shape, but congeries, negligently, and altogether without regard to shape; strues denotes that something new is produced, and a determinate form given, serving a particular purpose; like θημών. Curt. viii. 7. 11. Passim acervos struesque accendebant; meaning by acervos ‘heaps’ or ‘piles,’ by strues ‘stacks’ of wood. 2. Cumulus (from ἀκμή) means strictly, not the heap itself, but the top, by which the heap is completed as a whole, like the key-stone, by which any thing first reaches its proper and complete height, almost like κορυφή; and it has this meaning particularly in cumulare, which is like κορυφοῦν. Compare Liv. xxii. 59. Superstantes cumulis cæsorum corporum, with Cannenses campos acervi Romanorum corporum tegunt: and xxiii. 5. Molibus ex humanorum corporum strue faciendis. (ii. 118.)

Conjugation conjugation 1

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.cumulōcumulābamcumulābōcumulāvīcumulāveram
cumulāram
cumulāverō
cumulārō
2nd sg.cumulāscumulābāscumulābiscumulāvistī
cumulāstī
cumulāverās
cumulārās
cumulāveris
cumulāris
3rd sg.cumulatcumulābatcumulābitcumulāvit
cumulāt
cumulāverat
cumulārat
cumulāverit
cumulārit
1st pl.cumulāmuscumulābāmuscumulābimuscumulāvimus
cumulāmus
cumulāverāmus
cumulārāmus
cumulāverimus
cumulārimus
2nd pl.cumulātiscumulābātiscumulābitiscumulāvistis
cumulāstis
cumulāverātis
cumulārātis
cumulāveritis
cumulāritis
3rd pl.cumulantcumulābantcumulābuntcumulāvērunt
cumulārunt, cumulāvēre
cumulāverant
cumulārant
cumulāverint
cumulārint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.cumulemcumulāremcumulāverim
cumulārim
cumulāvissem
cumulāssem
2nd sg.cumulēscumulārēscumulāverīs
cumulārīs
cumulāvissēs
cumulāssēs
3rd sg.cumuletcumulāretcumulāverit
cumulārit
cumulāvisset
cumulāsset
1st pl.cumulēmuscumulārēmuscumulāverīmus
cumulārīmus
cumulāvissēmus
cumulāssēmus
2nd pl.cumulētiscumulārētiscumulāverītis
cumulārītis
cumulāvissētis
cumulāssētis
3rd pl.cumulentcumulārentcumulāverint
cumulārint
cumulāvissent
cumulāssent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.cumulorcumulābarcumulābor
2nd sg.cumulāris
cumulāre
cumulābāris
cumulābāre
cumulāberis
cumulābere
3rd sg.cumulāturcumulābāturcumulābitur
1st pl.cumulāmurcumulābāmurcumulābimur
2nd pl.cumulāminīcumulābāminīcumulābiminī
3rd pl.cumulanturcumulābanturcumulābuntur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.cumulercumulārer
2nd sg.cumulēris
cumulēre
cumulārēris
cumulārēre
3rd sg.cumulēturcumulārētur
1st pl.cumulēmurcumulārēmur
2nd pl.cumulēminīcumulārēminī
3rd pl.cumulenturcumulārentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.cumulācumulāre
pres. 2nd pl.cumulātecumulāminī
fut. 2nd sg.cumulātōcumulātor
fut. 3rd sg.cumulātōcumulātor
fut. 2nd pl.cumulātōte—
fut. 3rd pl.cumulantōcumulantor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivecumulārecumulārī
perfect infinitivecumulāvisse
cumulāsse
cumulātum esse
future infinitivecumulātūrum essecumulātum īrī
present participlecumulāns—
perfect participle—cumulātus
cumulāta, cumulātā, cumulātae, cumulātam, cumulātārum, cumulātās, cumulātī, cumulātōrum, cumulātōs
future participlecumulātūrus
cumulātūra, cumulātūrā, cumulātūrae, cumulātūram, cumulātūrārum, cumulātūrās, cumulātūre, cumulātūrī, cumulātūrīs, cumulātūrō, cumulātūrōrum, cumulātūrōs, cumulātūrum
cumulandus
cumulanda, cumulandā, cumulandae, cumulandam, cumulandārum, cumulandās, cumulande, cumulandīs, cumulandōrum, cumulandōs
gerundcumulandī, cumulandō, cumulandumsupinecumulātum, cumulātū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

omni laude cumulare aliquem
to overwhelm with eulogy.
aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is...
scelus scelere cumulare (Catil. 1. 6. 14)
to heap crime on crime.
beneficium remunerari or reddere (cumulate)
to (richly) recompense a kindness or service.

cŭmŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1,
I. v. a., to form into a heap, to accumulate, heap, or pile up (class.).
I. In gen.
A. Prop. (mostly post-Aug.; esp. in Curt. and Tac.): materiem, Lucr. 1, 989: nubila, id. 6, 191; 6, 518: stipites, Curt. 6, 6: harenas, id. 5, 1, 30: nivem, id. 5, 4, 88: arma in ingentem acervum, Liv. 45, 33, 1: pyram truncis nemorumque ruinā, Stat. Th. 6, 85.—
B. Trop.: benefacta, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 64: omnia principatūs vocabula, Tac. H. 2, 80: honores in eam, id. A. 13, 2: tantum honorum atque opum in me cumulasti, id. ib. 14, 53; 1, 21: propemodum saeculi res in illum unum diem fortuna cumulavit, Curt. 4, 16, 10.—
II. With special access. ideas (class.).
A. To augment by heaping up, to increase, heap, amass, accumulate.
1. With abl.: funus funere, Lucr. 6, 1237 (cf. Liv. 26, 41, 8): aes alienum usuris, id. 2, 23, 6: haec aliis nefariis cumulant atque adaugent, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30; cf.: alio scelere hoc scelus, id. Cat. 1, 6, 14: bellicam gloriam eloquentiā, id. Off. 1, 32, 116.—
2. Without abl.: invidiam, Liv. 3, 12, 8: injurias, id. 3, 37, 3: vitia, Tac. Or. 28: accesserunt quae cumularent religiones animis, Liv. 42, 20, 5.—
B. To make full by heaping up, to fill full, fill, overload, etc.
1. Lit.
(a). With abl.: locum strage semiruti muri, Liv. 32, 17, 10: fossas corporibus, Tac. H. 4, 20: viscera Thyesteis mensis, Ov. M. 15, 462: cumulatae flore ministrae, id. F. 4, 451: altaria donis, Verg. A. 11, 50; cf.: aras honore, donis, Liv. 8, 33, 21; Curt. 5, 1, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 204.—
(b). Without abl.: altos lacus fervida musta, Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 72; cf.: cumulata ligula salis cocti, a full spoon, spoonful, Col. 2, 21, 2.—
2. Trop.
(a). With abl.: non possum non confiteri cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1; cf.: ponebas cumulatum aliquem plurimis voluptatibus, id. Fin. 2, 19, 63: nunc meum cor cumulatur irā, Caecil. ap. Cic. Cael. 16, 37: duplici dedecore cumulata domus, Cic. Att. 12, 5, 1; cf.: orator omni laude cumulatus, id. de Or. 1, 26, 118: tot honoribus cumulatus, Tac. H. 3, 37: hoc vitio cumulata est Graecorum natio, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 18: neque tot adversis cumulant, overwhelm, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 55.— *
(b). With ex: (summum bonum) cumulatur ex integritate corporis et ex mentis ratione perfecta, is made complete, perfect, = completus, absolvitur, Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40. —
(g). Absol.: ad cumulandum gaudium (meum) conspectum mihi tuum defuisse, in order to make my joy full, complete, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 2; cf. under P. a., B. α.—Hence, cŭmŭlātus, a, um, P. a.
A. (Acc. to II. A.) Increased, augmented: eādem mensurā reddere quā acceperis aut etiam cumulatiore, Cic. Brut. 4, 15: gloria cumulatior, Liv. 2, 47, 11; cf. id. 4, 60, 2.—
B. (Acc. to II. B.) Filled full, full, complete, perfect.
(a). Absol.: tantum accessit ad amorem, ut mirarer locum fuisse augendi in eo, quod mihi jam pridem cumulatum etiam videbatur, Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5: hoc sentire et facere perfectae cumulataeque virtutis (est), id. Sest. 40, 86.—Poet.: veniam ... cumulatam morte remittam, i. e. cumulate referam, shall abundantly reward, Verg. A. 4, 436.—
(b). With gen.: ineptitudinis cumulatus, Caecil. ap. Non. p. 128, 15: scelerum cumulatissime, Plaut. Aul. 5, 16.—Adv.: cŭmŭ-lātē, in rich abundance, abundantly, copiously (freq. in Cic.; elsewh. very rare), Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 42; id. Div. 2, 1, 3; id. Att. 6, 3, 3 al.—Comp., Cic. Or. 17, 54.—Sup., Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1; 10, 29 init.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*ḱewh₁-
  2. Proto-Indo-European*ḱuh₁mósder.?
  3. Latincumulō

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin cumulō From cumulus (“a heap”) + -ō.

Descendants
  • Englishcumulate
  • Frenchcombler
  • Frenchcumuler
  • Italiancumulare
  • Italiancolmare
  • Portuguesecolmar
  • Portuguesecumular
  • Spanishcolmar
  • Spanishcumular
  • Asturiancombrar

Quick answers

What does cumulō mean in Latin?
cumulō, a verb, means “to heap, pile up, amass, accumulate; to fill by heaping, overload; to increase, augment”.
What are the principal parts of cumulō?
cumulō, cumulāre, cumulāvī, cumulātum (first conjugation).
How do you pronounce cumulō?
In classical Latin, [ˈkʊ.mʊ.ɫoː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈkuː.mu.lo].
Where does cumulō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- → Proto-Indo-European *ḱuh₁mósder.? → Latin cumulō.