verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation, suppletive
torrefaciō
torrefaciō (present infinitive torrefacere, perfect active torrefēcī, supine torrefactum)
Classical[tɔr.rɛˈfa.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[tor.reˈfaː.t͡ʃi.o]
Meaning
- suppletiveto parch
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | torrefaciō | torrefaciēbam | torrefaciam | torrefēcī | torrefēceram | torrefēcerō |
| 2nd sg. | torrefacis | torrefaciēbās | torrefaciēs | torrefēcistī | torrefēcerās | torrefēceris |
| 3rd sg. | torrefacit | torrefaciēbat | torrefaciet | torrefēcit | torrefēcerat | torrefēcerit |
| 1st pl. | torrefacimus | torrefaciēbāmus | torrefaciēmus | torrefēcimus | torrefēcerāmus | torrefēcerimus |
| 2nd pl. | torrefacitis | torrefaciēbātis | torrefaciētis | torrefēcistis | torrefēcerātis | torrefēceritis |
| 3rd pl. | torrefaciunt | torrefaciēbant | torrefacient | torrefēcērunt torrefēcēre | torrefēcerant | torrefēcerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | torrefaciam | torrefacerem | torrefēcerim | torrefēcissem |
| 2nd sg. | torrefaciās | torrefacerēs | torrefēcerīs | torrefēcissēs |
| 3rd sg. | torrefaciat | torrefaceret | torrefēcerit | torrefēcisset |
| 1st pl. | torrefaciāmus | torrefacerēmus | torrefēcerīmus | torrefēcissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | torrefaciātis | torrefacerētis | torrefēcerītis | torrefēcissētis |
| 3rd pl. | torrefaciant | torrefacerent | torrefēcerint | torrefēcissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | torrefīō | torrefīēbam | torrefīam |
| 2nd sg. | torrefīs | torrefīēbās | torrefīēs |
| 3rd sg. | torrefit | torrefīēbat | torrefīet |
| 1st pl. | torrefīmus | torrefīēbāmus | torrefīēmus |
| 2nd pl. | torrefītis | torrefīēbātis | torrefīētis |
| 3rd pl. | torrefīunt | torrefīēbant | torrefīent |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | torrefīam | torrefierem |
| 2nd sg. | torrefīās | torrefierēs |
| 3rd sg. | torrefīat | torrefieret |
| 1st pl. | torrefīāmus | torrefierēmus |
| 2nd pl. | torrefīātis | torrefierētis |
| 3rd pl. | torrefīant | torrefierent |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | torreface torrefac | torrefī |
| pres. 2nd pl. | torrefacite | torrefīte |
| fut. 2nd sg. | torrefacitō | torrefītō |
| fut. 3rd sg. | torrefacitō | torrefītō |
| fut. 2nd pl. | torrefacitōte | torrefītōte |
| fut. 3rd pl. | torrefaciuntō | torrefīuntō |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | torrefacere | torrefierī |
| perfect infinitive | torrefēcisse | torrefactum esse |
| future infinitive | torrefactūrum esse | torrefactum īrī |
| present participle | torrefaciēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | torrefactus torrefacta, torrefactā, torrefactae, torrefactam, torrefactārum, torrefactās, torrefacte, torrefactī, torrefactīs, torrefactō, torrefactōrum, torrefactōs |
| future participle | torrefactūrus torrefactūra, torrefactūrā, torrefactūrae, torrefactūram, torrefactūrārum, torrefactūrās, torrefactūre, torrefactūrī, torrefactūrīs, torrefactūrō, torrefactūrōrum, torrefactūrōs, torrefactūrum | torrefaciendus torrefaciundus, torrefacienda, torrefaciendā, torrefaciendae, torrefaciendam, torrefaciendārum, torrefaciendās, torrefaciende, torrefaciendīs, torrefaciendōrum, torrefaciendōs |
gerundtorrefaciendī, torrefaciendō, torrefaciendumsupinetorrefactum, torrefactū
torrĕ-făcĭo, fēci, factum, 3, v. a. torreo,
I. to make dry by heat, to parch, torrefy:
quidam vinaceorum duas libras torrefaciunt, Col. 6, 7, 4; mostly pass.: seges torrefacta, id. 2, 21, 3: nuces avellanae, id. 12, 57, 3: sesama, id. ib.Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ters-
- Proto-Indo-European*torséyeti
- Proto-Italic*torzeō
- Latintorrefaciō
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Latin faciō Latin torrefaciō From torreō + faciō.
Descendants
- Englishtorrefy
- Frenchtorréfier
- Italiantorrefare