verbfourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive
saeviō
saeviō (present infinitive saevīre, perfect active saeviī, supine saevītum)
Classical[ˈsae̯.wi.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsɛː.vi.o]
Meaning
- impersonalto rage, vent anger; to be furious
- impersonalto thrash about, move violently
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ferōciter agōsaeviō -īre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 20
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | saeviō | saeviēbam saevībam | saeviam saevībō | saeviī | saevīram saevieram | saevīrō saevierō |
| 2nd sg. | saevīs | saeviēbās saevībās | saeviēs saevībis | saevīstī saeviistī | saevīrās saevierās | saevīris saevieris |
| 3rd sg. | saevit | saeviēbat saevībat | saeviet saevībit | saevīt saeviit | saevīrat saevierat | saevīrit saevierit |
| 1st pl. | saevīmus | saeviēbāmus saevībāmus | saeviēmus saevībimus | saevīmus saeviimus | saevīrāmus saevierāmus | saevīrimus saevierimus |
| 2nd pl. | saevītis | saeviēbātis saevībātis | saeviētis saevībitis | saevīstis saeviistis | saevīrātis saevierātis | saevīritis saevieritis |
| 3rd pl. | saeviunt | saeviēbant saevībant | saevient saevībunt | saevērunt saevēre, saeviērunt, saeviēre | saevīrant saevierant | saevīrint saevierint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | saeviam | saevīrem | saevīrim saevierim | saevīssem saeviissem |
| 2nd sg. | saeviās | saevīrēs | saevīrīs saevierīs | saevīssēs saeviissēs |
| 3rd sg. | saeviat | saevīret | saevīrit saevierit | saevīsset saeviisset |
| 1st pl. | saeviāmus | saevīrēmus | saevīrīmus saevierīmus | saevīssēmus saeviissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | saeviātis | saevīrētis | saevīrītis saevierītis | saevīssētis saeviissētis |
| 3rd pl. | saeviant | saevīrent | saevīrint saevierint | saevīssent saeviissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | saevītur | saeviēbātur saevībātur | saeviētur saevībitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | saeviātur | saevīrētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | saevī | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | saevīte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | saevītō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | saevītō | saevītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | saevītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | saeviuntō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | saevīre | saevīrī |
| perfect infinitive | saevīsse saeviisse | saevītum esse |
| future infinitive | saevītūrum esse | saevītum īrī |
| present participle | saeviēns saeviente, saevientem, saevientēs, saevientī, saevientia, saevientibus, saevientis, saevientīs, saevientium | — |
| perfect participle | — | saevītum |
| future participle | saevītūrus saevītūra, saevītūrā, saevītūrae, saevītūram, saevītūrārum, saevītūrās, saevītūre, saevītūrī, saevītūrīs, saevītūrō, saevītūrōrum, saevītūrōs, saevītūrum | saeviendum saeviundum |
gerundsaeviendī, saeviendō, saeviendumsupinesaevītum, saevītū
saevĭo, ii, ītum, 4 (old form of the
I. imperf. saevibat, Lucr. 5, 1003; fut. saevibo, Mar. Vict. from Macr. 20, p. 443), v. n. saevus, to be fierce or furious, to rage, to vent one's rage (very freq. since the Aug. per.; once in Cæs.; not in Cic.; but saevus and saevitia several times in Cic.).
I. Lit., of animals:
ubi equus saevit, Lucr. 5, 1075: (lupus) rabieque fameque, Ov. M. 11, 369: anguis, Verg. G. 3, 434: panthera, Phaedr. 3, 2, 14: leo, Val. Fl. 6, 613 al.: aper in pecudes, Ov. M. 8, 296: accipiter in omnes aves, id. ib. 11, 345: canes in alios saevientes, Gell. 7, 1, 6.—B. Esp., of the cries of enraged animals:
hinc exaudiri gemitus iraeque leonum, ... atque in praesepibus ursi Saevire, Verg. A. 7, 17 Forbig. ad loc. (cf. Rib. ad loc., who conjectures mugire): agni balant, porcelli gruniunt, ursi saeviunt, Spart. Get. 5.—II. Transf., of any strong, passionate excitement, to rage, rave; to be furious, mad, violent, angry, etc. (cf.: furo, bacchor).
A. Of persons:
here mi, nimium saevis, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 20; id. Truc. 5, 4; cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 4: ah, ne saevi tantopere, Ter. And. 5, 2, 27: ne saevi, magna sacerdos, Verg. A. 6, 544: si quid saeviunt senes, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 51: leniter qui saeviunt sapiunt magis, who control their anger, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 4: saevire Fortuna ac miscere omnia coepit, Sall. C. 10, 1: saeviens turba, Liv. 8, 24: seditionibus saevire, id. 2, 44: in delectibus saevire solitos, id. 2, 44 Drak.: (paedagogi) imperiosi atque interim saevientes, Quint. 1, 1, 8: saevire securibus, Plin. Pan. 52, 4: saevit animis ignobile vulgus, Verg. A. 1, 149: animis acerbis (with procedere longius iras), id. ib. 5, 462: pater ardens Saevit, quod, etc., Hor. S. 1, 4, 49: saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus, id. ib. 2, 2, 126: saevire in tergum et in cervices, Liv. 3, 45: in obsides innoxios, id. 28, 34: in delubra, id. 31, 30: in se ipsum, id. 1, 53: in conjuges ac liberos, Tac. Agr. 38; id. A. 3, 31 fin.; Suet. Aug. 13; Ov. M. 4, 712 al.; cf.: flagellis in aliquem, Juv. 10, 180; and: in se (corresp. to manus sibi inferre), Dig. 29, 5, 1, § 22.— Poet., with dat.: qui mihi nunc saevit, Ov. H. 4, 148; Tib. 1, 2, 88.—Poet., with inf. (cf. saevus, II. A.): cum manus impia saevit Sanguine Caesareo Romanum exstinguere nomen, Ov. M. 1, 200.—Impers. pass.: clade saevitum est, Suet. Ner. 38: constat Trojā captā in ceteros saevitum esse Trojanos, Liv. 1, 1: in aliquid (aliquem), id. 34, 14; 41, 6; Vell. 2, 74, 44; Tac. Agr. 2; id. A. 1, 49; 4, 20; id. H. 2, 62 al.—B. Of things:
saevit minaci murmure ventus, Lucr. 1, 276; cf.: frustra mare saepe coortum Saevibat, id. 5, 1003: dum longus inter saeviat Ilion Romamque pontus, Hor. C. 3, 3, 37: pelagus, Tac. A. 15, 46: mare ventis, Sall. J. 78, 3: ventus, * Caes. B. G. 3, 13 fin.; cf. Aufidus, Hor. C. 4, 14, 27: medius dies solstitio, Sen. Hippol. 766: venenum in praecordiis, Hor. Epod. 3, 5: gula, Juv. 5, 94; cf. venter (sc. fame), App. M. 4, p. 145: arbor stridoribus, Sil. 13, 600: cum tibi flagrans amor ... Saeviet circa jecur ulcerosum, Hor. C. 1, 25, 15: saevit amor ferri, Verg. A. 7, 461; 4, 532: dolor in erepto amore, Prop. 2, 8, 36 (8 b, 20): dolor in praecordiis, Petr. 17, 8: ira in aliquem, Ov. M. 14, 193: quo fortuna magis saevit, id. P. 2, 3, 51: fames, Val. Fl. 4, 499: morbus, Gell. 12, 5, 4: acerbus odor. Val. Fl. 4, 493: acer hinnitus equorum, Sil. 4, 97: oratio ferociens saeviensque (opp. demissa jacensque), Gell 1, 11, 15.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
saeviō iī, ītus, īre
saevus.—Of animals, to be fierce, be furious, rage, rave : rabieque fameque, O.: anguis, V.: panthera, Ph.: aper in pecudes, O.: in praesepibus ursi, V.—Of persons, to rage, rave, be furious, be violent, be passionate : ne saevi, magna sacerdos, V.: saevire Fortuna ac miscere omnia coepit, S.: saeviens turba, L.: animis, V.: pater Saevit, quod, etc., H.: in tergum et in cervices, L.: in coniuges ac liberos, Ta.: Qui mihi nunc saevit, O.: manus impia saevit Romanum exstinguere nomen, O.: constat Troiā captā in ceteros saevitum esse, L.: in libros quoque eorum saevitum, Ta.—Of things, to be furious, rage : Dum saeviat pontus, H.: mare ventis, S.: ventus, Cs.: venenum in praecordiis, H.: gula, Iu.: Saevit amor ferri, V.: in quem mea saeviat ira, O.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *-yétider. Latin -iō Latin saeviō From saevus (“furious, ferocious”) + -iō.
Descendants
- Frenchsévir
- Italiansevire