verbthird conjugation
rōdō
rōdō (present infinitive rōdere, perfect active rōsī, supine rōsum)
Classical[ˈroː.doː]Ecclesiastical[ˈrɔː.do]
Meaning
- to gnaw, nibble, bite; eat or waste away, corrode, consume; erode
rōde, caper, vītem!
[Go ahead], goat, gnaw the vine! [imperative]8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 1.357 - figurativelyto slander, disparage, backbite
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
dentibus carpō; maledīcōrōdō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 16
gnaw
rōdō -ere — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōdō | rōdēbam | rōdam | rōsī | rōseram | rōserō |
| 2nd sg. | rōdis | rōdēbās | rōdēs | rōsistī | rōserās | rōseris |
| 3rd sg. | rōdit | rōdēbat | rōdet | rōsit | rōserat | rōserit |
| 1st pl. | rōdimus | rōdēbāmus | rōdēmus | rōsimus | rōserāmus | rōserimus |
| 2nd pl. | rōditis | rōdēbātis | rōdētis | rōsistis | rōserātis | rōseritis |
| 3rd pl. | rōdunt | rōdēbant | rōdent | rōsērunt rōsēre | rōserant | rōserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōdam | rōderem | rōserim | rōsissem |
| 2nd sg. | rōdās | rōderēs | rōserīs | rōsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | rōdat | rōderet | rōserit | rōsisset |
| 1st pl. | rōdāmus | rōderēmus | rōserīmus | rōsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | rōdātis | rōderētis | rōserītis | rōsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | rōdant | rōderent | rōserint | rōsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōdor | rōdēbar | rōdar |
| 2nd sg. | rōderis rōdere | rōdēbāris rōdēbāre | rōdēris rōdēre |
| 3rd sg. | rōditur | rōdēbātur | rōdētur |
| 1st pl. | rōdimur | rōdēbāmur | rōdēmur |
| 2nd pl. | rōdiminī | rōdēbāminī | rōdēminī |
| 3rd pl. | rōduntur | rōdēbantur | rōdentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rōdar | rōderer |
| 2nd sg. | rōdāris rōdāre | rōderēris rōderēre |
| 3rd sg. | rōdātur | rōderētur |
| 1st pl. | rōdāmur | rōderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | rōdāminī | rōderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | rōdantur | rōderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | rōde | rōdere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | rōdite | rōdiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | rōditō | rōditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | rōditō | rōditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | rōditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | rōduntō | rōduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | rōdere | rōdī |
| perfect infinitive | rōsisse | rōsum esse |
| future infinitive | rōsūrum esse | rōsum īrī |
| present participle | rōdēns rōdente, rōdentem, rōdentēs, rōdentī, rōdentia, rōdentibus, rōdentis, rōdentīs, rōdentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | rōsus rōsa, rōsā, rōsae, rōsam, rōsārum, rōsās, rōse, rōsīs, rōsō, rōsōrum, rōsōs |
| future participle | rōsūrus rōsūra, rōsūrā, rōsūrae, rōsūram, rōsūrārum, rōsūrās, rōsūre, rōsūrī, rōsūrīs, rōsūrō, rōsūrōrum, rōsūrōs, rōsūrum | rōdendus rōdundus, rōdenda, rōdendā, rōdendae, rōdendam, rōdendārum, rōdendās, rōdende, rōdendīs, rōdendōrum, rōdendōs, rōdunda, rōdundā, rōdundae, rōdundam, rōdundārum, rōdundās, rōdunde, rōdundī, rōdundīs, rōdundō, rōdundōrum, rōdundōs, rōdundum |
gerundrōdendī, rōdendō, rōdendumsupinerōsum, rōsū
rōdo, si, sum, 3, v. a. cf. rado,
I. to gnaw (class.).
I. Lit.: rutabulum, Novat. ap. Fest. p. 262 Müll. (Com. Rel. p. 226 Rib.):
clipeos, etc. (mures), Cic. Div. 2, 27, 59: praetextam, Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 19: dente pollicem, Hor. Epod. 5, 48: vivos ungues, id. S. 1, 10, 71: vitem (caper), Ov. F. 1, 357: saxa capellae, id. M. 13, 691: reliquias (mures), Phaedr. 1, 22, 6: rosus tineis, Stat. S. 4, 9, 10. — B. Transf., to eat away, waste away, corrode, consume:
ripas (flumina), Lucr. 5, 256: ferrum (robigo), Ov. P. 1, 1, 71: tophum (calx), Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166. — II. Trop., to backbite, slander, disparage, etc. (syn. vellico):
in conviviis rodunt, Cic. Balb. 26, 57: absentem amicum, Hor. S. 1, 4, 81: libertino patre natum, id. ib. 1, 6, 46: cuncta robiginosis dentibus, Mart. 5, 28, 7; cf.: dentem dente, i. e. to speak ill of each other, id. 13, 2, 6: murmura secum et rabiosa silentia rodunt, i. e. to mutter to one's self, Pers. 3, 81.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rōdō sī, sus, ere
1 RAD-, to gnaw : clipeos (mures): dente pollicem, H.: saxa capellae, O.— To eat away, waste away, corrode, consume : ferrum (robigo), O.—Fig., to backbite, slander, disparage : in conviviis rodunt: libertino patre natum, H.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₃d- (“to gnaw, scrape, scratch”). See also rōstrum.
Insular Romance
- Sardinianrodere
- Sardinianarroere
- Sardinianroere
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueseroerfrom Old Galician-Portuguese roer
- Spanishroer
- Asturianroer
- Asturianroyer
- Galicianroerfrom Old Galician-Portuguese roer
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianroade, roadere
- Aromanianarod, aroaderi
- Megleno-Romanianrod, rǫdiri
Italo-Romance
- Italianrodere
- Sicilianrùdiri
- Sicilianrùdere
Gallo-Romance
- Occitanroirefrom Old Occitan roire
- Aragoneserader
- Aragoneseroder
- Old Catalanroure
- Middle Frenchreurefrom Old French rore
- Gasconarròder
- Gasconarróder
- Gasconròder
- Gasconróder
Borrowings
- Frenchroder
Rhaeto-Romance
- Romanshruir
- Romansharuir
- Romanshruier
- Romanshruoiar
Gallo-Italic
- Ligurianroer
- Ligurianrodise
Vulgar Latin
- unknown*rōdicāre
- unknown*rōsicāre