verbthird conjugation
retundō
retundō (present infinitive retundere, perfect active rettudī or retudī, supine retūsum or retūnsum)
Classical[rɛˈtʊn.doː]Ecclesiastical[reˈtun.do]
Meaning
- to beat back, drive back
- to restrain, check
- to hammer back (something sharp), blunt or dull
- to deaden, weaken, frustrate
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retundō | retundēbam | retundam | rettudī retudī | rettuderam retuderam | rettuderō retuderō |
| 2nd sg. | retundis | retundēbās | retundēs | rettudistī retudistī | rettuderās retuderās | rettuderis retuderis |
| 3rd sg. | retundit | retundēbat | retundet | rettudit retudit | rettuderat retuderat | rettuderit retuderit |
| 1st pl. | retundimus | retundēbāmus | retundēmus | rettudimus retudimus | rettuderāmus retuderāmus | rettuderimus retuderimus |
| 2nd pl. | retunditis | retundēbātis | retundētis | rettudistis retudistis | rettuderātis retuderātis | rettuderitis retuderitis |
| 3rd pl. | retundunt | retundēbant | retundent | rettudērunt rettudēre, retudērunt, retudēre | rettuderant retuderant | rettuderint retuderint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retundam | retunderem | rettuderim retuderim | rettudissem retudissem |
| 2nd sg. | retundās | retunderēs | rettuderīs retuderīs | rettudissēs retudissēs |
| 3rd sg. | retundat | retunderet | rettuderit retuderit | rettudisset retudisset |
| 1st pl. | retundāmus | retunderēmus | rettuderīmus retuderīmus | rettudissēmus retudissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | retundātis | retunderētis | rettuderītis retuderītis | rettudissētis retudissētis |
| 3rd pl. | retundant | retunderent | rettuderint retuderint | rettudissent retudissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retundor | retundēbar | retundar |
| 2nd sg. | retunderis retundere | retundēbāris retundēbāre | retundēris retundēre |
| 3rd sg. | retunditur | retundēbātur | retundētur |
| 1st pl. | retundimur | retundēbāmur | retundēmur |
| 2nd pl. | retundiminī | retundēbāminī | retundēminī |
| 3rd pl. | retunduntur | retundēbantur | retundentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retundar | retunderer |
| 2nd sg. | retundāris retundāre | retunderēris retunderēre |
| 3rd sg. | retundātur | retunderētur |
| 1st pl. | retundāmur | retunderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | retundāminī | retunderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | retundantur | retunderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | retunde | retundere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | retundite | retundiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | retunditō | retunditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | retunditō | retunditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | retunditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | retunduntō | retunduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | retundere | retundī |
| perfect infinitive | rettudisse retudisse | retūsum esse retūnsum esse |
| future infinitive | retūsūrum esse retūnsūrum esse | retūsum īrī retūnsum īrī |
| present participle | retundēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | retūsus retūnsus, retūnsa, retūnsā, retūnsae, retūnsam, retūnsārum, retūnsās, retūnse, retūnsī, retūnsīs, retūnsō, retūnsōrum, retūnsōs |
| future participle | retūsūrus retūnsūrus, retūnsūra, retūnsūrā, retūnsūrae, retūnsūram, retūnsūrārum, retūnsūrās, retūnsūre, retūnsūrī, retūnsūrīs, retūnsūrō, retūnsūrōrum, retūnsūrōs, retūnsūrum | retundendus retundundus, retundenda, retundendā, retundendae, retundendam, retundendārum, retundendās, retundende, retundendīs, retundendōrum, retundendōs |
gerundretundendī, retundendō, retundendumsupineretūsum, retūsū
rĕ-tundo, tŭdi (also rettŭdi, Phaedr. 4, 22, 21 Orell.
I. N. cr.), tūsum (retunsus, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 27; 4, 4, 8), 3, v. a., to beat or pound back any thing sharp, i. e. to blunt, dull (class.).
I. Lit.:
ferrum, Cic. Sull. 30, 83: in Massagetas ferrum, Hor. C. 1, 35, 39: gladios in rem publicam destrictos, Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 2: ascias (tilia), Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 207: hamata tela, Ov. Am. 2, 9, 13; cf.: conjurationis nefaria tela, Cic. Dom. 24, 63. —II. Trop., to blunt, dull, deaden, weaken, restrain, check, etc.:
(censorii stili) mucronem, Cic. Clu. 44, 123: mucronem ingenii cotidianā pugnā, Quint. 10, 5, 16 (with deteratur fulgor): belle iste puer retundit Antonium, Atticus ap. Cic. Att. 16, 15, 3: collegam, Tac. A. 5, 11: animum, qui luxuriā et lasciviā Diffluit, check, repress, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 73; so, impetum erumpentium, Liv. 2, 33: sermones, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1; cf.: Aetolorum linguas, Liv. 33, 31: improbitatem, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 3; Quint. 6, 4, 11 (with propulsare eos): superbiam, Phaedr. 4, 22, 21: iram, Prud. Cath. 6, 94; cf.: Boreas retundit pelagus (ira motum), Luc. 5, 601 Cort. N. cr.— Hence, rĕ-tūsus (retunsus, v. supra), a, um, P. a., blunted, blunt, dull. A. Lit.:
securis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 27: ferrum, Verg. G. 2, 301: tela, Ov. M. 12, 496: retusum et crassum ferramentum, Col. 4, 24, 21: aurum hebeti mucrone, Lucr. 5, 1274.— B. Trop.:
mihi cor retunsum'st oppugnando pectore, deprived of feeling, Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 8: cor, Claud. Eutr. 2, 47: ingenia (opp. acuta), Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79 fin.: stella crine retuso, weakened, dimmed, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 185; cf. comp.: acumen retusius, Hier. Ep. 69, 4: fervor belli, subdued, Sil. 8, 321: res, impaired, unfortunate, id. 16, 21.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
re-tundō rettudī or retudī, tūsus or tūnsus, ere,
to beat back, blunt, dull: ferrum: in Massagetas ferrum, H.: gladios in rem p. destrictos: coniurationis tela.—Fig., to blunt, dull, deaden, weaken, restrain, check, repress: (censori stili) mucronem: animum, T.: impetum erumpentium, L.: Aetolorum linguas, silence, L.: superbiam, Ph.
Origins
- Proto-Italic*wre-
- Latinretundō
Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- Proto-Indo-European *-d- Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *(s)tunédti Proto-Italic *tundō Latin tundo Latin retundō From re- + tundo (“to strike, beat”).