adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
malignus
malignus (feminine maligna, neuter malignum)
Classical[maˈlɪŋ.nʊs]Ecclesiastical[maˈliɲ.ɲus]
Meaning
- adjectivewicked, malicious, stingy
- adjectivespiteful
- adjectivemalignant, malign
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | malignus | maligna | malignum |
| genitive | malignī | malignae | malignī |
| dative | malignō | malignae | malignō |
| accusative | malignum | malignam | malignum |
| ablative | malignō | malignā | malignō |
| vocative | maligne | maligna | malignum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | malignī | malignae | maligna |
| genitive | malignōrum | malignārum | malignōrum |
| dative | malignīs | malignīs | malignīs |
| accusative | malignōs | malignās | maligna |
| ablative | malignīs | malignīs | malignīs |
| vocative | malignī | malignae | maligna |
mălignus, a, um, adj. for maligenus, malus, and gen-, root of gigno; cf. the opp. benignus,
I. of an evil nature or disposition, ill-disposed, wicked, mischievous, malicious, spiteful, envious, malignant, malign (poet. and post-Aug.; syn.: invidus, malevolus, parcus).
I. In gen.:
maligni caupones, Hor. S. 1, 5, 4: magnaque numinibus vota exaudita malignis, unkind, Juv. 10, 111.— Of inanim. and abstr. things: malignissima capita, Sen. Vit. Beat. 18: litus, Luc. 8, 565: portus, id. 5, 651: leges, Ov. M. 10, 329: votum, Cat. 67, 5: verba, Manil. 4, 573: mente malignā, Cat. 68, 37: studia, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 101: vulgus, Hor. C. 2, 16, 40: oculi, Verg. A. 5, 654.—II. In partic.
A. Stingy, niggardly:
malignus, largus, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 17.—Of favors, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 84: vagae ne parce malignus arenae ossibus particulam dare, Hor. C. 1, 28, 23.—Trop.: fama, Ov. H. 16, 143: in laudandis dictionibus, Quint. 2, 2, 6.—B. Transf.
2. Scanty, insufficient, dim, petty, small, narrow:
ostium, too narrow, Sen. Q. N. 3, 27: aditus, Verg. A. 11, 525: ignis, Mart. 10, 96, 7: lux, Verg. A. 6, 270: conspecta est parva maligna Unda procul venā, Luc. 9, 500: munus, Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 167.—Hence, adv.: mălignē. 1. In gen., ill-naturedly, spitefully, enviously, malignantly (not in Cic. or Cæs.):
maledice ac maligne loqui, Liv. 45, 39.—Comp.: malignius habitum esse sermonem, Curt. 8, 1, 8.—2. In partic.
a. Stingily, grudgingly:
ager maligne plebi divisus, Liv. 8, 12: famem exstinguere, sparingly, Sen. Ep. 18, 9: non mihi fuit tam maligne, ut, etc., it has not gone so poorly with me that, etc., Cat. 10, 18: dispensare, Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 7: laudare, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 209.—Comp.: dicis, malignius tecum egisse naturam, Sen. Ep. 44, 1.—b. Little, scantily:
terra eorum, quae seruntur, maligne admodum patiens, a very little, Mel. 2, 2: apertus, Sen. Ben. 6, 34, 3: virens, Plin. 34, 11, 26, § 112.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
malīgnus adj.
malus+GEN-, ill-disposed, wicked, malicious, spiteful, envious, malignant, malign : volgus, H.: numina, unkind , Iu.: hoc maligno dente carpunt: leges, O.: oculi, V.— Stingy, niggardly : caupones, H.: Maligna facta ilico est, i. e. reserved , T.: fama, slanderous , O.: colles, barren , V.: aditus, narrow , V.: lux, scanty , V.
Origins
Formed as an antonym of benignus (“kind, generous”), from male (“badly”) + -gnus (“-born”).
Descendants
- Catalanmaligne
- Englishmalign
- Frenchmalin
- Italianmaligno
- Occitanmaligne
- Portuguesemaligno
- Romanianmalign
- Spanishmaligno
- Asturianmaliñu
- Asturianmalín