adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
invītus
invītus (feminine invīta, neuter invītum, superlative invītissimus)
Classical[ɪnˈwiː.tʊs]Ecclesiastical[iɱˈviː.tus]
Meaning
- adjectiveunwilling, reluctant, against one’s will, in spite of me, without my consent
ōsculaque adplicuit positō suprēma feretrō atque ait ‘invītō frāter adēmptē, valē!’ And he gave the final kisses, with the bier having been set down, and he said: ‘‘My brother, having been taken against my will, farewell!’’ (Romulus and Remus: In Ovid’s version, Romulus grieves the death of Remus who has been killed by Celer (builder).)
8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.851–852
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
nōn volēnsinvītus -a -um — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 15 and Aeneis, ch. 15
quī nōn vultinvītus -a -um — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 21
unwilling
invītus -a -um — in De Bello Gallico II
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | invītus | invīta | invītum |
| genitive | invītī | invītae | invītī |
| dative | invītō | invītae | invītō |
| accusative | invītum | invītam | invītum |
| ablative | invītō | invītā | invītō |
| vocative | invīte | invīta | invītum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | invītī | invītae | invīta |
| genitive | invītōrum | invītārum | invītōrum |
| dative | invītīs | invītīs | invītīs |
| accusative | invītōs | invītās | invīta |
| ablative | invītīs | invītīs | invītīs |
| vocative | invītī | invītae | invīta |
invītus, a, um, adj. perh. for in-vicitus; cf. Sanscr. va?*!-, to will; ava?*!as, unwilling; Gr. ἑκών, ἀ-έκων,
I. against one's will, unwilling, reluctant (syn. coactus; class.).
I. Of persons:
invitus me vides, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 23: ut viatores invitos consistere cogant, Caes. B. G. 4, 5: soli hoc contingit sapienti, ut nihil faciat invitus, nihil dolens, nihil coactus, Cic. Par. 5, 1: ego eum a me invitissim us dimisi, very unwillingly, very much against my will, id. Fam. 13, 63: Berenicen ab urbe dimisit (Titus) invitus invitam, Suet. Tit. 7: trahit invitam nova vis, Ov. M. 7, 19.— Abl. absol.: me (te, se, etc.) invito, against my (your, his, etc.) will, in spite of me, without my consent: vobis invitis, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 7: si se invito transire conarentur, against his will, Caes. B. G. 1, 8: Sequanis invitis, id. ib. 1, 9: diis hominibusque invitis, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2: invito numine, Verg. A. 10, 31: invita Diana, Ov. M. 8, 395: invitā Minervā, against one's natural bent, Hor. A. P. 385: invita Minerva, id est adversante et repugnante natura, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110: quod et illo et me invitissimo fiet, altogether contrary both to his inclination and my own, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 9. — With ut: invitus feci, ut L. Flaminium e senatu eicerem, Cic. de Sen. 12, 42.—With gen.: credidit, dominum non invitum fore hujus solutionis, would not be ill pleased with this payment, Dig. 16, 3, 11.— II. Of things:
invita in hoc loco versatur oratio, Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 85: invitae properes anni spem credere terrae, Verg. G. 1, 224: verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur, Hor. A. P. 311: dantur in invitos impia tura focos, Ov. H. 14, 26: lyra, id. Am. 3, 9, 24: ignes, id. M. 8, 514: oculis legere, id. H. 18, 4; cf.: vultu prospicere, Val. Fl. 7, 575: ope, i. e. furnished involuntarily, Ov. P. 2, 1, 16: invito sanguine, Val. Fl. 3, 391. — Adv.: invītē, against one's will, unwillingly: invite cepi Capuam, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4 (dub.).— Comp.: invitius, Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
invītus adj.
with sup, against the will, unwilling, reluctant, perforce, on compulsion: Invitus feci, lex coëgit, T.: neque senatus provinciam invitus dederat, S.: invitus feci, ut, etc.: ut viatores invitos consistere cogant, Cs.: eum ego a me invitissimus dimisi, much against my will: nihil invitis fidere divis, i. e. against their will, V.: invito patre, in spite of, T.: se invito transire, against his will, Cs.: invitissimis eis: invitā Minerva, against one's natural bent, C., H.: quod et illo et me invitissimo fiet, altogether against his inclination and mine.—As subst m.: elicere veram vocem ab invito.—Reluctant, unwilling: invita in hoc loco versatur oratio: Invitae anni spem credere terrae, V.: verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur, H.: ignes, O.: ope, i. e. furnished involuntarily, O.
Origins
Uncertain: * Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *n̥-weyh₁-tos (“not turned to, not pursuing”), from *n̥- (“not, un-”) + *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”). This derivation is preferred by De Vaan. * Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *weḱ- (“to will”), thus "unwilling". In this case, cognate with Ancient Greek ἑκών (hekṓn), ἀέκων (aékōn);
Italo-Romance
- Italianinvito
- Old Neapolitaninvito
Rhaeto-Romance
- Romanshnuidas
- Romanshnuidis
- Romanshivigdas
- Romanshinvidas
Gallo-Italic
- Ligurianmainviufrom Old Ligurian invio
- Ligurianmorenviufrom Old Ligurian invio
- Lombardinevitfrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardinevidafrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardinividafrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardnividafrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardinvidafrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardinnevidafrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardinvitfrom Old Lombard invito
- Lombardnavitfrom Old Lombard invito
Northern Gallo-Romance
- Lorrainevifrom Old French envis
- Picardanvisfrom Old French envis
- Walloonevifrom Old French envis
- Sicilianammittsifrom Old French envis
Southern Gallo-Romance
- Old Catalanenvides
- Old Occitanenvitz
Ibero-Romance
- Old Galician-Portugueseenvidos
- Old Galician-Portugueseanvidos
- Old Spanishambidos
- Old Spanishamidos