verbfirst conjugation, deponent
exsecror
exsecror (present infinitive exsecrārī, perfect active exsecrātus sum)
Classical[ˈɛks.sɛ.krɔr]Ecclesiastical[ˈɛks.se.kror]
Meaning
- deponentto curse or execrate
- deponentto detest
In the readers how our graded readers gloss it
curse
exsecror -ārī — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Abominari · Exsecrari · Detestari
Abominari means to recoil from, as of evil omen; and to avert a threatening evil by a ceremony, in opp. to omen accipere; exsecrari means to curse, when one would exclude a guilty person from human society as devoted to the infernal gods, in opp. to blessing; lastly, detestari (θέσσασθαι) means to curse, when one wishes to deprecate evil by an appeal to the gods against a dreaded person or thing, in opp. to praying in behalf of.
Conjugation conjugation 1 deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exsecror | exsecrābar | exsecrābor | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | exsecrāris exsecrāre | exsecrābāris exsecrābāre | exsecrāberis exsecrābere | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | exsecrātur | exsecrābātur | exsecrābitur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | exsecrāmur | exsecrābāmur | exsecrābimur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | exsecrāminī | exsecrābāminī | exsecrābiminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | exsecrantur | exsecrābantur | exsecrābuntur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exsecrer | exsecrārer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | exsecrēris exsecrēre | exsecrārēris exsecrārēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | exsecrētur | exsecrārētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | exsecrēmur | exsecrārēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | exsecrēminī | exsecrārēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | exsecrentur | exsecrārentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | exsecrāre | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | exsecrāminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exsecrātor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exsecrātor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exsecrantor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | exsecrārī | — |
| perfect infinitive | exsecrātum esse | — |
| future infinitive | exsecrātūrum esse | — |
| present participle | exsecrāns | — |
| perfect participle | exsecrātus exsecrāta, exsecrātā, exsecrātae, exsecrātam, exsecrātārum, exsecrātās, exsecrāte, exsecrātī, exsecrātīs, exsecrātō, exsecrātōrum, exsecrātōs | — |
| future participle | exsecrātūrus exsecrātūra, exsecrātūrā, exsecrātūrae, exsecrātūram, exsecrātūrārum, exsecrātūrās, exsecrātūre, exsecrātūrī, exsecrātūrīs, exsecrātūrō, exsecrātūrōrum, exsecrātūrōs, exsecrātūrum | exsecrandus exsecranda, exsecrandā, exsecrandae, exsecrandam, exsecrandārum, exsecrandās, exsecrande, exsecrandīs, exsecrandōrum, exsecrandōs |
gerundexsecrandī, exsecrandō, exsecrandumsupineexsecrātum, exsecrātū
ex-sē^cror (execr-), ātus, 1,
I. v. dep. a. and n. sacer, to curse, execrate.
I. Prop. (class.;
syn.: abominor, detestor, abhorreo, horreo, aversor, devoveo): te oderunt, tibi pestem exoptant, te exsecrantur, Cic. Pis. 40, 96; (with male precari), id. ib. 14, 33: aliquem, id. Leg. 1, 12, 33; id. Off. 3, 3, 11: consilia Catilinae, Sall. C. 48, 1: severitatem nimiam et assidua belli pericula, Just. 13, 1: superbiam regis, id. 39, 1: litem, Dig. 4, 7, 4 et saep.: in se ac suum ipsius caput, Liv. 30, 20, 7: exsecratus deinde in caput regnumque Prusiae, id. 39, 51 fin.: exsecratur Thyestes, ut naufragio pereat Atreus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: verba exsecrantia, Ov. M. 5, 105 et saep.—* II. Transf., to take a solemn oath with imprecations (against its infringement):
eamus omnis execrata civitas (= his votis cum exsecratione conceptis), Hor. Epod. 16, 36; cf. v. 18.!*? * 1. Also, act.: exsecro, āre: exsecrabant se ac suos, Afran. ap. Non. 473, 24; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—
2. exsē^crātus, a, um, in pass. signif. and as P. a., accursed, execrable, detestable:
non te exsecratum populo Romano, non detestabilem, etc. ... scias, Cic. Phil. 2, 26 fin.: exsules duo, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.: columna, Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; Vulg. Apoc. 21, 8.—Sup.: exsecratissima auguria, Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 27.—3. exsē^-crandus, a, um, as P. a., detestable (late Lat.); Vulg. Levit. 11, 10: libido, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 2 Huschke.—Sup.:
exsecrandissimum nefas, Salv. Gub. D. 7, 19.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
exsecror or execror ātus, ārī, dep.
ex + sacro, to curse, utter curses, execrate, abhor : te: Catilinae consilia, S.: terram Ulixi, V.: in se, L.: haec in se: ut pereat Atreus: verba exsecrantia, O.— To take an oath with imprecations : Phocaeorum exsecrata civitas, H.: Haec exsecrata civitas, having sworn to , H.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexsecror
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *sh₂krós Proto-Italic *sakros Archaic Latin sakros Old Latin sacros Old Latin *sakr̥s Old Latin *sakerr Latin sacer Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -or Latin exsecror From ex- + sacer (“sacred”) + -or.
Descendants
- Catalanexecrar
- Englishexecrate
- Frenchexécrer
- Italianesecrare
- Occitanexecrar
- Portugueseexecrar
- Spanishexecrar
- Galicianexecrar
- Sicilianesicrari