verbthird conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive
dēcumbō
dēcumbō (present infinitive dēcumbere, perfect active dēcubuī)
Classical[deːˈkʊm.boː]Ecclesiastical[deˈkum.bo]
Meaning
- impersonalto lie down or recline
- impersonalto fall (in a fight)
Conjugation conjugation 3 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēcumbō | dēcumbēbam | dēcumbam | dēcubuī | dēcubueram | dēcubuerō |
| 2nd sg. | dēcumbis | dēcumbēbās | dēcumbēs | dēcubuistī | dēcubuerās | dēcubueris |
| 3rd sg. | dēcumbit | dēcumbēbat | dēcumbet | dēcubuit | dēcubuerat | dēcubuerit |
| 1st pl. | dēcumbimus | dēcumbēbāmus | dēcumbēmus | dēcubuimus | dēcubuerāmus | dēcubuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | dēcumbitis | dēcumbēbātis | dēcumbētis | dēcubuistis | dēcubuerātis | dēcubueritis |
| 3rd pl. | dēcumbunt | dēcumbēbant | dēcumbent | dēcubuērunt dēcubuēre | dēcubuerant | dēcubuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēcumbam | dēcumberem | dēcubuerim | dēcubuissem |
| 2nd sg. | dēcumbās | dēcumberēs | dēcubuerīs | dēcubuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | dēcumbat | dēcumberet | dēcubuerit | dēcubuisset |
| 1st pl. | dēcumbāmus | dēcumberēmus | dēcubuerīmus | dēcubuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | dēcumbātis | dēcumberētis | dēcubuerītis | dēcubuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | dēcumbant | dēcumberent | dēcubuerint | dēcubuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | dēcumbitur | dēcumbēbātur | dēcumbētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | dēcumbātur | dēcumberētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | dēcumbe | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | dēcumbite | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | dēcumbitō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | dēcumbitō | dēcumbitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | dēcumbitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | dēcumbuntō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | dēcumbere | dēcumbī |
| perfect infinitive | dēcubuisse | — |
| present participle | dēcumbēns | — |
| future participle | — | dēcumbendum dēcumbundum |
gerunddēcumbendī, dēcumbendō, dēcumbendum
dē-cumbo, cŭbŭi, 3, v. n.
I. To lie down, sc. in bed or on a couch, to recline at table, to lie ill, be confined by sickness (good prose), Cato R. R. 156, 4:
super lectum, Suet. Ner. 48: in aureo lecto, id. Caes. 49: hospes me ad cenam vocat. Venio, decumbo, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 98; so of reclining at table (cf. accumbo), id. Curc. 2, 3, 72; id. Stich. 5, 1, 6; Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25: familia decubuit, Sen. Ep. 96, 1; Gell. 18, 10, 2: febricitans, Vulg. Marc. 1, 30.—Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
dēcumbō cubuī, —, ere
CVB-, to lie down, recline : prior decumbas, take place (at table), T.: in triclinio, to fall, succumb, yield (of gladiators): honeste.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*de
- Proto-Indo-European*déh₁
- Proto-Italic*dē
- Latindēcumbō
Latin dē- Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb-der. Proto-Italic *kumbō Latin *cumbō Latin dēcumbō From dē- + *cumbō.