verbfirst conjugation
decimō
decimō (present infinitive decimāre, perfect active decimāvī, supine decimātum)
Classical[ˈdɛ.kɪ.moː]Ecclesiastical[ˈdɛː.t͡ʃi.mo]
Meaning
- to decimate (select every tenth person for punishment)
Horror animum subit quotiens recordor feralem introitum et hanc solam Galbae victoriam, cum in oculis urbis decimari deditos iuberet, quos deprecantis in fidem acceperat.
Horror overtakes me when I think back to that gruesome entry [in Rome], which was Galba's only victory, when before the eyes of the city he ordered the prisoners to be decimated, after he had accepted their pleas for surrender.c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Historiae 1.37Cohortes, si quae cessissent loco, decimatas hordeo pavit.
Cohorts, if they hadn't stood their ground, he decimated and fed on barley.121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum Vita divi Augusti 24 - to pay tithes
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
decimam partem dōdecimō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 21
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | decimō | decimābam | decimābō | decimāvī | decimāveram | decimāverō decimārō |
| 2nd sg. | decimās | decimābās | decimābis | decimāvistī decimāstī | decimāverās decimārās | decimāveris |
| 3rd sg. | decimat | decimābat | decimābit | decimāvit | decimāverat decimārat | decimāverit decimārit |
| 1st pl. | decimāmus | decimābāmus | decimābimus | decimāvimus | decimāverāmus | decimāverimus decimārimus |
| 2nd pl. | decimātis | decimābātis | decimābitis | decimāvistis decimāstis | decimāverātis decimārātis | decimāveritis decimāritis |
| 3rd pl. | decimant | decimābant | decimābunt | decimāvērunt decimāvēre, decimārunt | decimāverant decimārant | decimāverint decimārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | decimem | decimārem | decimāverim decimārim | decimāvissem decimāssem |
| 2nd sg. | decimēs | decimārēs | decimāverīs | decimāvissēs decimāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | decimet | decimāret | decimāverit decimārit | decimāvisset decimāsset |
| 1st pl. | decimēmus | decimārēmus | decimāverīmus decimārīmus | decimāvissēmus decimāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | decimētis | decimārētis | decimāverītis decimārītis | decimāvissētis decimāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | deciment | decimārent | decimāverint decimārint | decimāvissent decimāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | decimor | decimābar | decimābor |
| 2nd sg. | decimāris decimāre | decimābāris decimābāre | decimāberis decimābere |
| 3rd sg. | decimātur | decimābātur | decimābitur |
| 1st pl. | decimāmur | decimābāmur | decimābimur |
| 2nd pl. | decimāminī | decimābāminī | decimābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | decimantur | decimābantur | decimābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | decimer | decimārer |
| 2nd sg. | decimēris decimēre | decimārēris decimārēre |
| 3rd sg. | decimētur | decimārētur |
| 1st pl. | decimēmur | decimārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | decimēminī | decimārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | decimentur | decimārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | decimā | decimāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | decimāte | decimāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | decimātō | decimātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | decimātō | decimātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | decimātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | decimantō | decimantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | decimāre | decimārī |
| perfect infinitive | decimāvisse decimāsse | decimātum esse |
| future infinitive | decimātūrum esse | decimātum īrī |
| present participle | decimāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | decimātus decimāta, decimātā, decimātae, decimātam, decimātārum, decimātās, decimātī, decimātōrum, decimātōs |
| future participle | decimātūrus decimātūra, decimātūrā, decimātūrae, decimātūram, decimātūrārum, decimātūrās, decimātūre, decimātūrī, decimātūrīs, decimātūrō, decimātūrōrum, decimātūrōs, decimātūrum | decimandus decimanda, decimandā, decimandae, decimandam, decimandārum, decimandās, decimande, decimandīs, decimandōrum, decimandōs |
gerunddecimandī, decimandō, decimandumsupinedecimātum, decimātū
dĕcĭmo or dĕcŭmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. decimus.
I. To select by lot every tenth man for punishment, to decimate (postAug., although the practice itself occurs as early as 283 A. U. C.; v. Liv. 2, 59 fin.), Suet. Galb. 12:
cohortes, id. Aug. 24: cohortium militem, Frontin. Strat. 4, 1, 37 al.— Absol., Suet. Calig. 48.—II. To cause to pay tithes, to collect tithes from a person. —Pass.:
et Levi decimatus est, Vulg. Hebr. 7, 9.—III. To select the tenth part as an offering, to pay tithes of anything, Fest. p. 237, 25 Müll.; Vulg. Matth. 23, 23.—Hence, dĕcŭmātus, a, um, P. a., selected, excellent, choice:
honestas, Symm. Ep. 3, 49 and 51.—Sup.: juvenis, id. ib. 8, 16.Origins
- Proto-Italic*dekəmos
- Latindecimō
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin decimo From decimus (“tenth”) + -ō.
Borrowed
- Englishdecimate
- Frenchdécimer
- Italiandecimare
- Portuguesedecimar
- Romaniandecima
- Galiciandecimar
- Polishdecymować
Inherited
- Catalandelmar
- Spanishdiezmarfrom Old Spanish dezmar
- Portuguesedizimar
- Asturiandezmar
- Asturiandiezmarfrom Old Spanish dezmar