verbthird conjugation
comminuō
comminuō (present infinitive comminuere, perfect active comminuī, supine comminūtum)
Classical[kɔmˈmɪ.nu.oː]Ecclesiastical[komˈmiː.nu.o]
Meaning
- to break or crumble into small pieces; to pulverize or comminute
- to lessen
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | comminuō | comminuēbam | comminuam | comminuī | comminueram | comminuerō |
| 2nd sg. | comminuis | comminuēbās | comminuēs | comminuistī | comminuerās | comminueris |
| 3rd sg. | comminuit | comminuēbat | comminuet | comminuit | comminuerat | comminuerit |
| 1st pl. | comminuimus | comminuēbāmus | comminuēmus | comminuimus | comminuerāmus | comminuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | comminuitis | comminuēbātis | comminuētis | comminuistis | comminuerātis | comminueritis |
| 3rd pl. | comminuunt | comminuēbant | comminuent | comminuērunt comminuēre | comminuerant | comminuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | comminuam | comminuerem | comminuerim | comminuissem |
| 2nd sg. | comminuās | comminuerēs | comminuerīs | comminuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | comminuat | comminueret | comminuerit | comminuisset |
| 1st pl. | comminuāmus | comminuerēmus | comminuerīmus | comminuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | comminuātis | comminuerētis | comminuerītis | comminuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | comminuant | comminuerent | comminuerint | comminuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | comminuor | comminuēbar | comminuar |
| 2nd sg. | comminueris comminuere | comminuēbāris comminuēbāre | comminuēris comminuēre |
| 3rd sg. | comminuitur | comminuēbātur | comminuētur |
| 1st pl. | comminuimur | comminuēbāmur | comminuēmur |
| 2nd pl. | comminuiminī | comminuēbāminī | comminuēminī |
| 3rd pl. | comminuuntur | comminuēbantur | comminuentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | comminuar | comminuerer |
| 2nd sg. | comminuāris comminuāre | comminuerēris comminuerēre |
| 3rd sg. | comminuātur | comminuerētur |
| 1st pl. | comminuāmur | comminuerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | comminuāminī | comminuerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | comminuantur | comminuerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | comminue | comminuere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | comminuite | comminuiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | comminuitō | comminuitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | comminuitō | comminuitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | comminuitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | comminuuntō | comminuuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | comminuere | comminuī |
| perfect infinitive | comminuisse | comminūtum esse |
| future infinitive | comminūtūrum esse | comminūtum īrī |
| present participle | comminuēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | comminūtus comminūta, comminūtā, comminūtae, comminūtam, comminūtārum, comminūtās, comminūte, comminūtī, comminūtīs, comminūtō, comminūtōrum, comminūtōs |
| future participle | comminūtūrus comminūtūra, comminūtūrā, comminūtūrae, comminūtūram, comminūtūrārum, comminūtūrās, comminūtūre, comminūtūrī, comminūtūrīs, comminūtūrō, comminūtūrōrum, comminūtūrōs, comminūtūrum | comminuendus comminuenda, comminuendā, comminuendae, comminuendam, comminuendārum, comminuendās, comminuende, comminuendīs, comminuendōrum, comminuendōs |
gerundcomminuendī, comminuendō, comminuendumsupinecomminūtum, comminūtū
com-mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a.,
I. to make small, either by breaking into many small parts, or by removing parts from the whole (class. in prose and poetry).
I. To separate into small parts, to break or crumble to pieces, to crush, split, etc.: saxo cere comminuit brum, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 412 (Ann. v. 586 Vahl.):
fores et postes securibus, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 31: ossa atque artua illo scipione, id. Men. 5, 2, 103: tibi caput, id. Rud. 4, 4, 74: illi statuam... deturbant, affligunt, comminuunt, dissipant, Cic. Pis. 38, 93: scalas, Sall. J. 60, 7: anulum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56: lapidem, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233: vitrea, Stat. S. 1, 6, 73: fabas molis, Ov. Med. Fac. 72: vasa crystallina, Petr. 64.—Also of medicines: calculos, Plin. 20, 4, 13, § 23.—Fig.: diem articulatim, i.e. to divide into hours, Plaut. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5.—II. To lessen, diminish.
A. Lit. (very rare): argenti pondus et auri, * Hor. S. 1, 1, 43:
opes civitatis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 37, § 98: regni opes, Sall. J. 62, 1.—B. Trop. (freq.), to weaken, impair, enervate:
nullum esse officium tam sanctum atque solenne, quod non avaritia comminuere atque violare soleat, Cic. Quint. 8, 26: ingenia, Quint. 1, 7, 33; cf.: ingenii vires, Ov. P. 3, 3, 34; and, animum, Plin. Ep. 9, 2, 1.—2. Transf. to persons:
Viriathus, quem C. Laelius praetor fregit et comminuit, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40; so of enemies, Flor. 1, 3, 3; 2, 6, 28: nec te natalis origo Comminuit (i. e. animum tuum), Ov. M. 12, 472: lacrimis comminuēre meis, i.e. vinceris, commoveberis, id. H. 3, 134.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
com-minuō (conm-) uī, ūtus, ere,
to divide into small parts, break, crumble, crush, split: scalas, S.: anulum. — To lessen, diminish: argenti pondus, H.: opes civitatis. — Fig., to weaken, impair, violate: officium.—To humble, reduce, crush, humiliate, prostrate: alqm: lacrimis comminuēre meis, overcome, O.: vires ingenii.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
- Proto-Italic*kom
- Proto-Italic*kom-
- Latincomminuō
Proto-Indo-European *mey- Proto-Indo-European *-néwti Proto-Indo-European *minéwti Proto-Italic *minuō Latin minuō Latin comminuō From con- + minuō.