verbfirst conjugation, no perfect or supine stems
affriō
affriō (present infinitive affriāre)
Classical[ˈaf.fri.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈaf.fri.o]
Meaning
- transitiveto rub, break or crumble to pieces; crumble over, grate
Conjugation conjugation 1 perfect
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | affriō | affriābam | affriābō | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | affriās | affriābās | affriābis | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | affriat | affriābat | affriābit | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | affriāmus | affriābāmus | affriābimus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | affriātis | affriābātis | affriābitis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | affriant | affriābant | affriābunt | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | affriem | affriārem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | affriēs | affriārēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | affriet | affriāret | — | — |
| 1st pl. | affriēmus | affriārēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | affriētis | affriārētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | affrient | affriārent | — | — |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | affrior | affriābar | affriābor |
| 2nd sg. | affriāris affriāre | affriābāris affriābāre | affriāberis affriābere |
| 3rd sg. | affriātur | affriābātur | affriābitur |
| 1st pl. | affriāmur | affriābāmur | affriābimur |
| 2nd pl. | affriāminī | affriābāminī | affriābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | affriantur | affriābantur | affriābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | affrier | affriārer |
| 2nd sg. | affriēris affriēre | affriārēris affriārēre |
| 3rd sg. | affriētur | affriārētur |
| 1st pl. | affriēmur | affriārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | affriēminī | affriārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | affrientur | affriārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | affriā | affriāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | affriāte | affriāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | affriātō | affriātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | affriātō | affriātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | affriātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | affriantō | affriantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | affriāre | affriārī |
| present participle | affriāns | — |
| future participle | — | affriandus |
gerundaffriandī, affriandō, affriandum
af-frĭo (better adf-), āre, v. a.,
I. to rub or crumble to pieces, or to crumble over:
alius aliud adfriat aut adspergit, ut Chalcidicam aut Caricam cretam, Varr. R. R. 1, 57.Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂éd
- Proto-Italic*ad
- Proto-Italic*ad-
- Latinaffriō
Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- Proto-Indo-European *bʰriH-o-s Proto-Italic *frios Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin friō Latin affriō From ad- + friō (“crumble, rub or break into pieces”).